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Silver Dirham of Seljuq of Rum Sultan Kaykhusraw II

Turkiye
ca. 1236-1245

A fragment from a silver Dirham coin issued by Sultan Ghiyas ad-Din Kayakhusraw II, the ruler of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum. The obverse shows a Lion advancing to the right, above which is a radiant sun with a human face. Above this is a legend referring to the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad 'Imam al-Musta'sim Bi'llah' (Reign: 1242-1258 CE). On the coin's reverse are fragmentary inscriptions in and around a square. Kayakhusraw II's titles are in two lines divided by a row of three stars within the square and the coin's minting place and date are around it.


The sultanate of Rum got its name from a corruption of the word 'Rome,' as its territory in Asia Minor had been captured from the Byzantine Empire, then known as the Roman Empire.


Several theories have emerged to explain why the coin was minted with the imagery of the sun and lion. One contemporary account states that the sultan added this imagery to honour his beloved wife, Princess Rusudan, daughter of Queen Tamara of Georgia. Unable to depict her portrait on the coin, he instead chose to represent her zodiac sign, Leo. Another interpretation suggests that Rusudan is symbolised as the radiant sun, while Kaykhusraw II is portrayed as the powerful lion. Regardless of the interpretation, in the astrology of that era, the Sun in Leo symbolised both power and majesty.

Additional information

It is possible that object information will be updated as new research findings are discovered. Please email kentonicollection@gmail.com if you can improve this record.

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